{"id":29,"date":"2023-08-03T16:53:11","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T07:53:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/?page_id=29"},"modified":"2023-08-13T14:34:07","modified_gmt":"2023-08-13T05:34:07","slug":"projects","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/projects\/","title":{"rendered":"Projects"},"content":{"rendered":"
The Methylobacterium <\/em>\u5b66<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
\u690d\u7269\u306f\u30da\u30af\u30c1\u30f3\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u3067\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u751f\u6210\u30fb\u653e\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002Methylobacterium<\/em>\u5c5e\u7d30\u83cc\u306f\u3053\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u70ad\u7d20\u6e90\u30fb\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6e90\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u8449\u4e0a\u3067\u512a\u5360\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u8131\u6c34\u7d20\u9175\u7d20(Methanol dehydrogenase, MDH)\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u30db\u30eb\u30e0\u30a2\u30eb\u30c7\u30d2\u30c9\u3078\u9178\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305fMxaFI\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u4f9d\u5b58\u578b\u306e\u9175\u7d20\u304c\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u751f\u80b2\u306b\u306f\u5fc5\u9808\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u672c\u5c5e\u7d30\u83cc\u306e\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u306b\u306fMxaFI\u3068\u76f8\u540c\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3059\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50XoxF\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u9577\u3089\u304f\u4e0d\u660e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u30022011\u5e74\u306bXoxF\u306f\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30ce\u30a4\u30c9\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30ce\u30a4\u30c9\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u306f\u4ed6\u306b\u306f\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u672c\u5c5e\u7d30\u83cc\u306f\u4e8c\u3064\u306eMDH\u306e\u767a\u73fe\u3092\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30ce\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059(\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30ce\u30a4\u30c9\u30fb\u30b9\u30a4\u30c3\u30c1\uff09\u3002\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30ce\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u83cc\u4f53\u5185\u3078\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u5185\u3067\u306e\u84c4\u7a4d\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30ce\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306e\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3044\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6a5f\u69cb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n
Plants release methanol as a byproduct of pectin demethylation. Methylobacterium species can utilize this methanol released from plants as a carbon and energy source, and as a result they predominate on the plant surfaces. They have methanol dehydrogenases (MDHs) that oxidize methanol to formaldehyde. An MDH known as MxaFI is a calcium-dependent enzyme and is believed to be necessary for methanol growth. The genomes of the genera encode another MDH like gene named as xoxF, but its function had been mysterious. In 2011, XoxF was found to be lanthanide dependent MDH. There is no other enzyme so far known as lanthanide-dependent. Methylobacterium species switches their expression depending on the availability of lanthanides (lanthanide switch). What is the mechanism for the sensing, uptake and storage of lanthanide?<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"\"\u00a0 \u672c\u5c5e\u7d30\u83cc\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u306760\u7a2e\u307b\u3069\u304c\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u690d\u7269\u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u305f\u672c\u5c5e\u65b0\u7a2e\u7d30\u83cc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u307e\u305f\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u99c6\u4f7f\u3057\u3066\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u5927\u307e\u304b\u306a\u5206\u985e\u7fa4\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u6e90(\u6c34\u570f\u3001\u571f\u58cc\u3001\u6839\u570f\u3001\u8449\u570f\u7b49\uff09\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3084\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u4ee3\u8b1d\u9175\u7d20\u3084\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3001\u30d3\u30bf\u30df\u30f3\u8981\u6c42\u6027\u306a\u3069\u306b\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u3044\u3060\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3059\u3082\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n
The genus contains 60~ species. We have found some new species isolated from plants. Using genome data of all species now it is known that their genomic and phenotypic differences are shaped by their environmental niches (water, soil, rhizosphere, and phyllosphere).<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"\"\u672c\u5c5e\u7d30\u83cc\u306f\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u8d85\u7d76\u5927\u597d\u304d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u65b9\u5411\u3078\u3068\u6cf3\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u307e\u3059(\u5316\u5b66\u8d70\u6027\uff09\u3002\u7d30\u83cc\u306e\u8d70\u5316\u6027\u306b\u306fMCP\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30bb\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u304c\u57fa\u8cea\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u5316\u3084\u30e1\u30c1\u30eb\u5316\u306a\u3069\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u97ad\u6bdb\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8d70\u5316\u6027\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u74b0\u5883\u7d30\u83cc\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306eMCP\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u83cc\u3067\u3042\u308bMethylobacterium aquaticum 22A\u682a\u3067\u306f52\u500b\u3082\u306e\u30bb\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3053\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3078\u306e\u8d70\u5316\u6027\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3059\u308bMCP\u3092\uff13\u3064\u767a\u898b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3066\u3053\u308c\u3089MCP\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u30e1\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
They are mad for methanol so much, and exhibit directional swimming motility toward higher concentration of methanol (chemotaxis for methanol, methylotaxis). Generally methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) recognize the ligand (substrate) and the signal is transmitted to flagellar motor through phosphorylation and methylation of chemotaxis proteins. Environmental bacteria possess many sensor MCPs, and M. aquaticum strain 22A has as many as 52 MCPs. We found three methylotaxis MCPs. How these MCPs operate methylotaxis?<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
Methylobacterium\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8<\/strong>\r\n<\/pre>\n
\"\"\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u7814\u7a76\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5703\u5834\u3092\u821e\u53f0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30a4\u30cd\u30fb\u30aa\u30aa\u30e0\u30ae\u306e\u4e8c\u6bdb\u4f5c\u306e\u751f\u7523\u6027\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53e2\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u30a4\u30cd\u3068\u30aa\u30aa\u30e0\u30ae\u3067\u306f(\u5f53\u7136\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff09\u6839\u570f\u306e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53e2\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3001\u80a5\u6599\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u5fdc\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u30013\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53e2\u304c\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3001\u6839\u570f\u571f\u58cc\u304b\u3089\u6839\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u7279\u7570\u7684\u306a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53e2\u304c\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u3069\u3092\u898b\u3044\u3060\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
An inter-laboratory collaboration group, field flora research team, sweats to investigate the structure and function of microbial community in the rhizosphere of rice and barley grown in the institute’s experimental field. We found that the microbiome structure between rice and barley are completely different, there are some microorganisms that are affected by fertilization, during 3 years of study the microbiome is reconstructed reproducibly, and the distance from roots shapes the microbiome structure.<\/p>\n
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 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"\"\u30aa\u30aa\u30e0\u30ae\u306e\u6839\u570f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u7a2e\u7d30\u83cc\u3092\u898b\u3044\u3060\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u83cc\u306f\u30aa\u30aa\u30e0\u30ae\u306e\u6839\u306b\u7279\u7570\u7684\u306b\u591a\u304f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7d2b\u8272\u306e\u30b3\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u83cc\u306f\u4f55\u6545\u30aa\u30aa\u30e0\u30ae\u306e\u6839\u306b\u591a\u304f\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
We also tried to isolate microorganisms from barley rhizosphere and found novel species. This microorganism is predominant in barley roots, and produces violet pigments. Why is this guy predominant in the roots?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The Methylobacterium \u5b66 \u690d\u7269\u306f\u30da\u30af\u30c1\u30f3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":248,"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions\/248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp\/PEM\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}